石油设备网讯 据8月5日Kallanish Energy报道，据EIA消息，石油（包括原油和精炼产品），如汽油、柴油和丙烷，是美国最主要能源消耗。2018年，石油消耗占能源消费总量的36%。
美国消费的成品油中，有67%以上用于交通运输领域。EIA通过油田生产、炼油厂和搅拌机净生产以及进口来计算石油产品供应量，然后减去库存变化、炼油厂和搅拌机净投入和出口来估计石油消耗量。
2018年，石油产品供应连续第六年增长，日产量约为2000万桶，此外，美国原油出口达到创纪录的每日200万桶，比2017年增加了约80万桶。此外，美国去年的石油产品出口达到创纪录的560万桶/天，同比增加30万桶/天。
EIA的数据显示，2018年美国原油进口量约为800万桶/天，较2017年下降3%。原油和石油产品净进口量降至约200万桶/天，为1967年以来的最低水平。出于地理和质量方面的考虑，美国仍在进口原油。
2018年，包括原油、租赁凝析油和液化天然气在内的油田总产量达到创纪录的每日逾1500万桶。美国原油产量去年达到近1100万桶/天的创纪录高点，较2017年的创纪录水平增长17%。
天然气凝析油日产量达到创纪录的400多万桶，比2017年创下的纪录增长了15%。EIA称，致密油和页岩层产量的增加推动了记录的不断攀升。
交通运输行业是70年来的最大石油消耗行业，自1949年（EIA最早有数据的一年）以来，运输行业一直是美国最大的石油产品消费行业。2018年，交通运输石油日消费量约1400万桶，为2007年峰值以来的第二高。
工业部门在石油消费中所占份额仅次于运输业，2018年，约为每日500万桶。石油产品的工业应用实例包括用作化学品和塑料原料的烃类气体液体，以及用于建筑和道路养护的沥青和道路油。
邹勤 摘译自 Kallanish Energy
原文如下：
Transportation uses most petroleum in US: EIA
Petroleum, including crude oil and refined products such as gasoline, diesel, and propane, is the largest primary source of energy consumed in the U.S., accounting for 36% of total energy consumption in 2018, the Energy Information Administration reports.
More than 67% of finished petroleum products consumed in the U.S. are used in the transportation sector, Kallanish Energy understands.
EIA uses petroleum product supplied to estimate petroleum consumption. It calculates product supplied by adding field production, refinery and blender net production, and imports and then subtracts stock change, refinery and blender net inputs, and exports.
Petroleum product supplied increased for the sixth consecutive year in 2018, totaling roughly 20 million barrels per day (Mmbpd).
In 2018, U.S. exports of crude oil reached a record high of 2 Mmbpd, an increase of roughly 0.8 Mmbpd from 2017. In addition, U.S. exports of total petroleum products reached a record high 5.6 Mmbpd last year, an increase of 0.3 Mmbpd from the previous year.
The U.S. imported roughly 8 Mmbpd of crude in 2018, a 3% decrease from 2017, according to EIA. Net imports of crude oil and petroleum products were down to roughly 2 Mmbpd — the lowest level since 1967. The United States still imports crude oil because of geographic and quality considerations.
In 2018, total field production, which includes crude oil, lease condensate, and natural gas liquids, reached a record high of more than 15 Mmbpd. U.S. crude oil production reached a record high of nearly 11 Mmbpd last year, a 17% increase from the record set in 2017.
Production of Ngls reached a record high of more than 4 Mmbpd, a 15% increase from the record set in 2017. Increased production from tight oil and shale formations drove these record highs, according to EIA.
Transportation sector largest user for at least 70 years
The transportation sector has been the largest consumer of petroleum products in the U.S. since at least 1949, the earliest year EIA has data. Transportation accounted for roughly 14 Mmbpd of petroleum consumption in 2018 – the second-highest level since its peak in 2007.
After transportation, the industrial sector accounts for the second-largest share of petroleum consumption, accounting for roughly 5 Mmbpd in 2018. Examples of industrial use of petroleum products include hydrocarbon gas liquids used as feedstocks for chemicals and plastics, as well as asphalt and road oil used for construction and road maintenance.
